ggm 13 hours ago

Downlink? Megawatts out, only the last few miles impeded by air. Sub milliwatts received but it's GHz so huge error correcting codes.

Uplink: no phased source, all the work has to be done receive side, the sender loss is peak close to the antenna which is not directional, only phase antenna receive side and its got to do a lot of work.

Beyond an ack sequence, what amazes me is the Uplink. Getting fed video down.. kinda felt OK.

So how do they make it work at scale with an unmodified android handset?

This is AST so not the Musk megaswarm. Different LEO orbit height. AST have an antenna the size of a tennis court or even bigger.